Age (years) Opioid Naïve? Yes (opioid naïve) No (opioid-experienced) Current/Planned Opioid None Codeine Tramadol Oxycodone Morphine Fentanyl Hydromorphone Dose (mg/day) Renal Function — CrCl (mL/min) Concurrent CNS Drugs (number) Comorbidities / Risk History Assess Opioid Risk