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Calcium Oxalate / Kidney Stone Risk
24-hour urine metabolic evaluation for nephrolithiasis risk factors
24-Hour Urine Parameters
Required (0–1500)
Required (0–500)
Required (0–5000)
Required (0.2–8 L)
Required (4–9)
Risk Factor Assessment
Dietary & Lifestyle Recommendations
Reference Ranges
| Parameter | Normal (Male) | Normal (Female) | Abnormal Threshold |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urine Calcium | < 300 mg/day | < 250 mg/day | Hypercalciuria |
| Urine Oxalate | < 40 mg/day | Hyperoxaluria | |
| Urine Citrate | < 450 mg/day (low) | < 550 mg/day (low) | Hypocitraturia |
| Urine Volume | < 2.0 L/day (low) | Concentrated urine | |
| Urine pH | < 5.5 = UA risk; > 6.5 = CaP risk | Stone type risk | |
Supersaturation Index (simplified) = (Ca × Ox) / (Vol × 1000)
Higher index → greater risk of calcium oxalate crystal formation
Urinary citrate inhibits crystallization (chelates calcium)
Higher index → greater risk of calcium oxalate crystal formation
Urinary citrate inhibits crystallization (chelates calcium)
